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As hair follicles shrink, the growth phase typically gets shorter, and the rest phase may get longer. Eventually, the strand of hair doesn’t grow long enough to reach the surface of the skin, leading to balding areas on the scalp. Although minoxidil can slow down and prevent hair loss, the amount of hair regrowth will vary. Anyone who is taking any prescription or nonprescription medications or any supplements should speak with a doctor or pharmacist to ensure that it is safe for them to use minoxidil. If a person experiences any severe side effects, they or their doctor can report the symptoms to MedWatch, the FDA’s safety information and adverse event reporting program. Minoxidil is most effective for people under the age of 40 years whose hair loss is recent.
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Your doctor can help you rule out other causes of hair loss that may be treatable, such as low thyroid hormone levels or a nutrient deficiency. Rogaine and other brands of minoxidil are the only FDA-approved medications for treating hair loss in women. Along with stimulating the growth phase, Rogaine can also shorten the resting phase, which leads to increased shedding. This shedding usually occurs 2 to 8 weeks after treatment starts. In very rare cases, you can develop generalized hypertrichosis, which is increased hair growth in areas not directly exposed to the treatment. Unwanted hair growth occurs more often in women than men, although it’s not clear why.
Adverse effects of minoxidil
Consistency is key and you should start seeing results after 90 days. Anyone considering treatment for hair loss for the first time should start with FDA-approved options before considering minoxidil pills, dermatologists say. That includes topical minoxidil, which is sold as brand-name Rogaine products and in a variety of generic versions. It’s the generic name for the brand product, Rogaine®, first developed in the 1980s.
How Rogaine (Minoxidil) Works for Hair Growth
“As soon as you notice hair loss is happening, you should come in,” says Lauren Eckert Ploch, a dermatologist in Aiken, South Carolina. Hair loss, or alopecia, affects more than 80 percent of men and 50 percent of women, and the risk increases with age. Minoxidil comes in concentrations of 2 and 5%, and the lower concentrations may cause fewer side effects. If you’re experiencing some unwanted side effects, you can always talk to your provider or dermatologist about switching to a lower concentration. Rogaine usually has an insignificant effect on your blood pressure, but some people may experience more severe symptoms.
"The medication was actually originally investigated for the treatment of high blood pressure," Ranella Hirsch says. "People using it for hypertension noticed increased hair growth [hypertrichosis] and density, which led to its approval for the treatment of hair regrowth in 1986," explains Corey L. Hartman. "In dermatology, we use it topically (FDA-approved), and orally (off-label) to regrow hair," Hirsch adds.
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Even though there isn’t much you can do to stop Rogaine shedding or predict if you’ll get it, it’s worth noting that the gravity of the effects depends on the minoxidil concentration you’ll use. Additionally, if your body responds to minoxidil well, the consistent application will result in growing the same hair color and volume as the rest of your hair. While it may cause anxiety to some, slight hair shedding isn’t permanent and usually goes away within a few months. Rogaine does work to some extent, as evidenced by clinical studies. But this is only for certain types of baldness (and only if it’s used continuously).
Minoxidil is a vasodilator, which enlarges hair follicles to promote hair growth and only works for people with genetic hair loss and the SULT1A1 scalp enzymes. To use topical Minoxidil, you apply it directly to your scalp with a dropper or foam solution. As a vasodilator, the product dilates your scalp’s blood vessels to open them up to yummy nutrients and oxygen, stimulating hair growth. On a biological level, Minoxidil tackles one of the four phases of your hair growth cycle — anagen, or growth.
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Each hair grows for up to six years, then it stops growing, rests for a while, and eventually falls out and is replaced by a new hair that grows for six years. If your hair is growing normally, about 85 percent of it is growing at any given time and 15 percent of it is resting. Minoxidil is safe for long-term use as long as a person never exceeds the recommended dosage. However, a person should ensure that the minoxidil is completely dry before going to bed to prevent the treatment from rubbing off onto the pillow.
Most men don’t start seeing results for the first 4-6 months of treatment. In fact, some guys even see their hair fall out in even larger quantities in the first few months of their treatment. This increased hair loss is referred to as minoxidil shedding, and it’s an infamous term among men starting minoxidil.
Researchers are still examining its ability to treat other hair loss conditions, like chemotherapy-related hair loss and alopecia areata. It is intended for general informational purposes and is not meant to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. If you think you may have a medical emergency, immediately call your physician or dial 911.
Drugs in this category haven’t undergone adequate human testing showing that they’re safe for fetal development, and animal studies suggest possible dangers. The first time you use Rogaine, apply it to a small part of your scalp and wait 24 hours to see if symptoms develop before using it over your entire head. Although it’s safe, it’s better to check with your doctor first before attempting this option. A portion of your hair begins falling out at the end of this three-to-four-month period. The transition phase begins after the growing phase has been completed. Specifically, research shows that most men see results as early as four to six months, while others require a year to see the treatment’s full effects.
Rogaine is applied to the scalp to help encourage hair growth and prevent hair loss caused by male or female pattern baldness. This is the most common type of hair loss, and it runs in families. Minoxidil was first introduced as an antihypertensive medication and the discovery of its common adverse event, hypertrichosis, led to the development of a topical formulation for promoting hair growth.
Minoxidil—brand name Rogaine—is a popular hair loss treatment for both men and women. You can use this product as either a gel or foam, typically applied daily directly to the area of your scalp with noticeable hair loss. Oral minoxidil is usually prescribed with both a diuretic and a beta-blocker. Swelling is one of the potential adverse effects of minoxidil, but a prescription diuretic pill can help reduce unwanted fluids.
Now, for potentially better treatment, some dermatologists are now prescribing minoxidil orally to address hair loss. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) hasn’t approved these pills for hair loss, doctors are free to prescribe oral minoxidil for this off-label use. Here’s what you need to know if you or a loved one is facing hair loss and is curious about whether minoxidil could be an option. Minoxidil accelerates the later stages of hair growth so that your hair can re-enter the anagen phase faster. So the downside of minoxidil is that, yes, you’re going to lose some hair for a while. So as annoying as this probably sounds, it’s worth the patience required to hang tight and let the treatment do the work.
After treatment with minoxidil has ended, the hair will stop growing, although it may take several months for the new hair growth to go away. Specifically, Rogaine is approved to treat androgenetic alopecia, commonly known as male-pattern baldness or female-pattern baldness. This type of hair loss is very common and occurs gradually over time, affecting up to 80% of males and 50% of females by age 70.
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